Directive antennas, genetic algorithms, linear antenna arrays, microstrip. One plate is larger than the other, which is called ground plane and. Two different wire antennas are designed to be used for jamming gsm frequencies using genetic algorithm. Genetic algorithm optimization for microstrip patch. Microstrip patch antenna having a rectangular profile. In antenna design problems, the three most commonly used softcomputational algorithms are. Keywordcircular patch antenna, directivity, genetic algorithm, hfss, rectangular patch antenna, return loss, triangular patch antenna. In the design, the genetic algorithm is employed to generate the excitation amplitudes of the antenna array.
Supernec, which is an antenna analysis and electromagnetic simulation program, is used in conjunction with the genetic algorithm. Efficient antenna miniaturization technique by cut off of. Uduwawala4 1department of electronics, wayamba university of sri lanka, kuliyapitiya, sri lanka 2technology and intellectual property rights department, fractus, barcelona, spain. The ebg antenna is excited by a rectangular patch antenna. Directivities for example 1 array directivity using ga 5.
The antennas show the ability of the genetic algorithm to allow the designer to optimize an antenna for several different criteria at once, and to create new antennas with very little information from the designer other than general constraints and the desired performance characteristics. Automated antenna design with evolutionary algorithms. The process started with the design of a rectangular patch antenna with the traditional transmission line and cavity methods, followed by a simulation with the finitedifference timedomain method fdtd in conjunction with a genetic algorithm. A uniform array yields the smallest beamwidth and the highest directivity. Genetic algorithm optimization and performance comparative. It is designed by using genetic algorithms with the advantage of not requiring a feeding network.
Keywords rectangular microstrip antenna, genetic algorithm, resonant frequency, ie3d. A patch antenna is a lowprofile directional radio antenna that is used for indoor locations covering singlefloor offices, stores and small studios. Laboratory results are largely consistent with simulation. In addition, by adding loads between the patch and the ground plane, such as pins and varactor diodes, adaptive elements with. Aerospace component design is an expensive and important step in. Cavity method, circular ferrite microstrip antenna, genetic algorithm, magnetically biased. In this paper, we utilize a genetic algorithm script in conjunction with a planar em simulator to perform novel pattern synthesis of a patch antenna. This may pose a connection problem in manufacturing the microstrip patch. Pdf microstrippatch array design using a multiobjective ga. Wide and multiband antenna design using the genetic algorithm to.
The ga was then coupled with the method of moments. Recall that our antenna system consists of three sections, each containing eight complex weights i. All the parameters, that is, the, thickness of the patch,bias magnetic field and the. The patch is limited to a 32 x 32 mm2 square over a 72 x 72 mm2 ground plane. A triband patch antenna simulated on an fr4 substrate, optimized for low insertion loss at 1. All these techniques are used for the feed point optimization of microstrip patch antenna. Patch antenna miniaturization through electromagnetic genetic algorithm optimization. The results obtained are more stable and having higher fitness. A patch antenna is a type of radio antenna with a low profile, which can be mounted on a flat surface. It is worth noting that the genetic algorithm does not always land on the same solution in each trial. Both the albanodipole antenna and the albanopatch antenna were. In this paper, we will discuss the design of some novel broadband and multiband microstrip antennas using genetic algorithm ga optimization techniques.
In this article, a genetic algorithm script is utilized in conjunction with a planar electromagnetic simulator to perform novel pattern synthesis of a patch antenna get the latest industry news and expert insights delivered straight to your inbox. Keywords antenna arrays, uniform arrays, nonuniform. Patch antenna category is a curation of 10 web resources on, experimental patch antenna, patch antenna for apt, the basics of patch antennas. In contrast, binomial arrays usually possess the smallest sidelobes fol. Ceramic patch antennas, patch antenna manufacturer in.
They are the original type of microstrip antenna described by howell in 1972. In the following sections a brief overview of all the algorithms are given followed by the verification of the results. Microstrip patch antennas have been extensively used in many applications due to their low profile, ease of manufacture, and the possibility of integration with other circuits. A parallel electromagnetic geneticalgorithm optimization faculty. The genetic algorithm shown in figure ga is used to generate antenna designs. Wire antennas optimized using genetic algorithm sciencedirect. Ceramic patch antenna is widely used in global positioning systems, inpaq provided in different shapes, sizes and a highgain, low return loss, low axial ratio characteristics of the ceramic antenna.
Application of genetic algorithm for optimization of. Genetic optimization routines are developed on matlab environment for these designs. Most practitioners use the genetic algorithm technique or some variant thereof to evolve antenna designs. Method of application of genetic algorithm to the magnetized ferrite microstrip antenna and computed results the magnetized ferrite circular patch microstrip antenna is assumed to be operating at tm11 mode. Despite the positive attributes of the albano patch antenna, its downfalls are its big size and cost and its narrow bandwidth. Genetic algorithm optimization technique has been utilized in hfss software for optimization of the aperture coupled patch antenna dimensions in order to achieve better return loss and height directivity. An example of an evolved antenna is an xband antenna evolved for a 2006 nasa mission called space technology 5 st5. Free genetic algorithm antenna matlab download matlab.
The second shows a twinpatch antenna and its corresponding feedline. The proposed algorithm consists of the simple ga with new adaptive mutation mechanism. Application of genetic algorithm to the optimization of gain of magnetized ferrite microstrip antenna neela chattoraj and jibendu sekhar roy abstractthe application of genetic algorithm ga to the optimization of gain of microstrip antenna, fabricated on ferrite substrate, biased externally by a steady magnetic field, is reported. Automatic synthesis of a wire antenna using genetic. The beauty of this algorithm is that it can optimize on any type of variable value without a change in the algorithm. Optimizations of patch antenna arrays using genetic. Ga optimization for rfid broadband antenna applications abstract this paper examines genetic algorithm optimizers in antenna design. The role of the neural network is to develop a blackbox model to relate the frequencies of operation of the antenna with its dimensional. Examples of patch antenna enhancements using geneticalgorithm optimizers a gabased optimizer was used to create feedline networks for different shapes of patch antennas. The result is that the designed antenna array exhibits the largest directivity as compared to the uniform, binomial and dolphchebyshev arrays. Keywords antenna arrays, patch antennas, antenna optimizations, genetic algorithms, multilevel fast multipole algorithm. It is based on the method similar to natural selection. However, in general the resulting beam patterns share a similar sidelobe level. Over roughly the same period, researchers at the illinois genetic algorithm laboratory illigal at the university of illinois at urbana champaign have.
Optimization of antenna array using genetic algorithm. Patch antenna miniaturization through electromagnetic genetic. Design and implementation of patch antenna 7 mmic designs, and when the particular patch shape and mode are selected, they are very versatile in terms of resonant frequency, polarization, pattern, and impedance. It explains how the genetic algorithm is implemented through actual antenna arrays for direction of arrival estimation algorithm within the smart antenna systems. A genetic algorithm usually encodes each parameter in a binary sequence called ii gene and places the genes in an array known as a chromosome. Genetic algorithms in antennas and smart antennas design. Genetic algorithm optimization for microstrip patch antenna miniaturization article in progress in electromagnetics research letters 60. They have been successfully applied to electromagnetic optimization, including antenna design as well as smart antennas design. In this paper genetic algorithm has been used for optimization of inset feed rectangular, triangular and. Implementation of the simple genetic algorithm sga this section describes our first optimization approach, which involves the implementation of a simple genetic algorithm sga. A broadband patch antenna simulated on an fr4 substrate, optimized for low insertion loss from 1.
Design of elliptical microstrip patch antenna using genetic algorithms. Wide and multiband antenna design using the genetic. The computed results are in good agreement with the results obtained experimentally. Genetic algorithm optimization is well suited to working with existing electromagnetic simulation technologies, often yielding results that achieve the performance targets with a unique structure that is nonintuitive to the antenna designer. Ga optimization of highdirectivity microstrip patch antennas and miniature. In this paper, extensive reference to literature related antenna design efforts. Military antenna design using simple and competent genetic. As a result of the proposed genetic algorithm optimizer, different array configurations were obtained for cases with and without antenna selection, showing that true polarization diversity schemes are particularly suited for antenna selection systems. Genetically designed microstrip antennas cearl computational.
International journal of engineering applied sciences and. Over the past decade, the air force research laboratory afrl antenna technology branch at hanscom afb has employed the simple genetic algorithm sga as an optimization tool for a wide variety of antenna applications. However, rectangular patch antenna is more directive, it has 9 db in directivity and 61 in radiation beamwidth at eplane. Patch antenna miniaturization through electromagnetic. It is mounted on a small, rectangular, flat surface and consists of two metallic plates placed upon each other.
Automatic synthesis of a wire antenna using genetic programming. In real applications, the genetic algorithm is likely to be more. In this study an irregularly shaped microstrip patch antenna was designed, simulated, and optimized for airtoground communication atg applications. Ceramic patch antennas, patch antenna manufacturer in taiwan. The multiobjective feature allows the algorithm to be a. A combined continuousbinary genetic algorithm for microstrip.
A representative patch antenna design example for com. Genetic algorithm optimization applied to planar and wire. Genetic algorithm optimization for microstrip patch antenna. A highdirectivity microstrip patch antenna design by using genetic algorithm optimization jeevani w. The second shows a twin patch antenna and its corresponding feedline.
A method for reducing the size of microstrip patch antennas by up to 75% by. Antenna array aa, sector synthesis ss, genetic algorithm ga 1. Microstrip patch antennas are low profile, conformable to planar and nonplanar surfaces, simple and inexpensive to manufacture using modern printedcircuit. The genetic algorithm optimization gao is a promising method to overcome these limitations in antenna design 8 9101112.
The multiobjective genetic algorithm moga has been applied to optimize the radiation characteristics of a trilayer rfid microstrip patch antenna in terms of returnloss, inputimpedance. Genetic algorithm in microstrip antenna using matlab. A genetic algorithm for the optimization of mimo antenna. What i am thinking is to first perform a number of. Genetic algorithm optimization of a highdirectivity microstrip patch. The radiating patch and the feed lines are usually photoetched on the dielectric substrate howell, 1975. Examples of patch antenna enhancements using genetic algorithm optimizers a gabased optimizer was used to create feedline networks for different shapes of patch antennas. Design and optimization of aperture coupled microstrip patch. The first image shows a rectangular patch and its corresponding feedline. This procedure has been used in recent years to design a few antennas for missioncritical applications involving stringent, conflicting, or unusual design requirements, such as unusual radiation. I am working on fractals and i am using ga for optimization of my patch antenna. Genetic algorithm optimization of a highdirectivity. Genetic programming is an extension of the genetic algorithm holland 1975. Wide and multiband antenna design using the genetic algorithm to create amorphous shapes using ellipses by lance griffiths, you chung chung, and cynthia furse.
At every stage, ga selects at random a set of individual from the existing population as the parents and use them to. Touhami, and tajeddin elhamadi abstractthe miniaturization of the patch antenna has become an important issue in reducing the volume of entire communication system. Optimization of the performance of patch antennas using. Antenna design with a mixed integer genetic algorithm article in ieee transactions on antennas and propagation 553. In radio communications, an evolved antenna is an antenna designed fully or substantially by an automatic computer design program that uses an evolutionary algorithm that mimics darwinian evolution. As can be seen, the input matching bandwidth, determined by 10 db of s11, is 11. The input matching has been measured and shown in fig. For instance, x,y32,1 can be encoded as chromosome 0000000 1. It consists of a flat rectangular sheet or patch of metal, mounted over a larger sheet of metal called a ground plane.
Antenna design with a mixed integer genetic algorithm. This antenna was then measured in our spherical nearfield. Return loss and radiation pattern for the optimized antenna are verified using ie3d software. T1 efficient antenna miniaturization technique by cut off of chromosomelength in genetic algorithm. A single highdirectivity microstrip patch antenna mpa having a rectangular profile, which can substitute a linear array is proposed. In this article, a genetic algorithm script is utilized. Initial evolutionary antenna design systems to meet the initial design requirements it was decided to constrain our evolutionary design to a monopole wire antenna with four identical arms, with each arm rotated 90 from its neighbors. The top view of the fabricated prototype of the ebg antenna is shown in fig.
Design, simulation, and optimization of an irregularly shaped. Inpaq is a patch antenna manufacturer that specializes in all kinds of gps antennas including l1l2l5l6 gps stack, gps ceramic substrate. International journal of antennas and propagation hindawi. Introduction a patch antenna is a metallic strip or a patch mounted on a dielectric layer substrate, which is supported by a ground plane. Design of lowprofile highgain ebg resonator antennas. Ga optimization for rfid broadband antenna applications. Application of genetic algorithm to the optimization of. Abstract the application of genetic algorithm ga to the. Operators for his new algorithm is described in the next section and applications to a circularly polarized patch antenna designs are shown in the following section. Accuracy of the results encourages the use of genetic algorithm.
Introduction microstrip patch antennas have been extensively used in many applications due to their low profile, ease of manufacture, and the possibility of integration with other circuits. Design, simulation, and optimization of an irregularly. Based algorithm, ieee antennas and propagation magazine,vol,49,no. It is followed, in ord er, by the dolphchebyshev and binomial arrays.
Genetic algorithms belong to a stochastic class of evolutionary techniques, whose. The mission consists of three satellites that will take measurements in earths magnetosphere. Sukanesh, synthesis of linear antenna array using genetic algorithm to maximize sidelobe level reduction, international journal of computer applications 0975 8887 volume 20. Genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization and accelerated particle swarm optimization is dealt with. Patch antenna, hfss, genetic algorithm, return loss, and directivity. Another tag antenna example is the albano patch antenna, which again is a threedimensional patch antenna that wraps around the corner of a box and radiates omnidirectionally and performs well in the presence of metal. This book introduces the first step toward the implementation of the first new invented ghost radar at the world. Genetic algorithm genetic algorithm optimization gao is an influential optimization technique use in patch antenna design 5. Genetic algorithms belong to a stochastic class of evolutionary techniques, whose robustness and global search of the solutions space have made them extremely popular among researchers. Free genetic algorithm antenna matlab download matlab genetic algorithm antenna script top 4 download offers free software downloads for windows, mac, ios and android computers and mobile devices.
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